Week 5 Discuss 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 Discuss 2 - Essay Example Viciousness is characterized as doing damage to an individual, regardless of whether mental or physical. Along these lines, from this definition, harassing is viewed as a type of brutality (Bullying Statistics, 2009). Brutality is illegal, and harassing isn't considered as a type of viciousness except if it includes an assault. Lion's share of individuals consider harassing to be an inadmissible type of conduct while tormenting is viewed as a typical piece of life (Boyle, 2011). The Second Amendment gives the option to remain battle ready, and it is totally authoritative on the states. Thusly, it confines their ability to make answers for social issues that suit nearby qualities and requirements (Stohr, 2010). The reason for the Supreme Court’s choice is on the Fourteenth Amendment, which changes the importance of the Second Amendment. They contend that the Framers of the Reconstruction Amendment â€Å"intended the expression â€Å"privileges and insusceptibilities of residents of the United States† to incorporate the option to keep and remain battle ready, which was along these lines unequivocally positioned past â€Å"abridgement† by the states† (Merkel and Uviller, 2002, p14). In this manner, the Second Amendment is official on the states. The Amendment has impacted weapon control and firearm possession concerning who has the option to tolerate and keep arms. The theme has carried extraordinary discussion with some restricting and others supporting the choice made by the Supreme Court. Stohr, G. (2010, June 29). States must respect firearm rights, U.S. High Court says. Bloomberg. Recovered from

Indian Legal System Law

Question: What is the Indain Legal System Law ? Answer : Introducation This is an all out healthy of laws that are utilized in the Indian nation and which are for the most part acquired from the customary law that is utilized in England. A few articles found inside the Indian constitution were presented by the British however they currently exist in a changed structure. Around 60 percent of the laws in the nation are not in like manner use as it they have not wound up in lawful circumstances that require their utilization. Numerous pieces of the contemporary Indian law shows a considerable European and American impacts (Aggarwal Singhal, 2006). Precedent-based Law Precedent-based law is an arrangement of law dependent on recorded points of reference. The major rules speaking to regular criminal value are the Indian corrective code 1860, Indian proof act 1872, the code of criminal methodology 1908. The plan of point of reference got from the law as a wide application inside the Indian real structure (International Business Publications, 2012). Common Law Common law in India manages questions between the private gatherings. The procedure is represented by The Civil Procedure Code (C.P.C) 1908. Criminal law Criminal law in India is the legitimate power that identifies with lead of crime in the nation. They incorporate three principle acts; The correctional code 1860 The Code of criminal methodology 1973 The proof demonstration 1872 There are some criminal laws that are passed by the nations parliament, for example Counteraction of Corruption law the anticipation law Wellsprings of law The significant wellsprings of law in the nation incorporate the accompanying; The Indian constitution The Indian Statutes Common enactment Designated enactment mandate The Indian Customary law Indian Case law Legal Precedent Proficiency of the court framework The proficiency of a court framework is a significant marker in deciding how they handle the heft of cases that they need to deal with consistently (Mercurio, 2008) Accessibility and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards Intervention alludes to the way toward unraveling questions outside the courts. It helps in discovering answers for questions and makes it conceivable to show up at a ultimate choice that is authoritative to all the gatherings. Indian Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 was actualized to guarantee that the countrys law on Arbitration met the prerequisites of advanced law with accentuation on UNCITRALs model standards and Laws. There have been fruitful marking and adherence to various worldwide arrangements in regards to assertion. Both UN Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958(New York Convention) also the Geneva Convention on the execution of outside arbitral honors 1927 have been received and remembered for the enactment in regard to attempting to uphold the remote honors. World Bank World Wide Governance Indicators Overall administration pointers gives an account of a few components of administration that incorporate guideline of law and control of debasement. In rule of law they have 55.77% which is a positive certainty inner. The defilement, standard blunder is 0.13which thinks about the gauge of administration and great sign on their administration. References Worldwide Business Publications, USA. (2012). India Business Law Handbook: Strategic Information and Laws. Intl Business Pubns USA. , S. G. G. K. K. (2009). Business law including organization law. Spot of distribution not recognized: New Age International Pvt. Aggarwal, S. K., Singhal, K. (2006). Indian business laws. New Delhi: Galgotia. Mercurio, B. (2008). Worldwide business law. Spot of distribution not recognized: Oxford University Press.

Essay Samples For General IELTS Tests

Essay Samples For General IELTS TestsWhen you want to write an essay about anything, it is helpful to use essay samples for general IELTS tests. The next time you study for your test, you will be able to choose the kind of essay that best fits your needs. Use these tips for writing better essays in this area of your test.First, you should realize that no one is going to be completely satisfied with your work. You may find that other students are grading it differently than you. It is important to be proud of your work and not be too concerned about how other people grade it. Remember that this is a skill that you can work on for years.Second, never lose track of the content you are writing about. A single sentence here or there may not be important, but when you leave out any information, your overall message can become unimportant. Always make sure that you include all relevant details about what is in your essay. This means taking the time to read the information you are writing an d making sure that it is accurate.Third, make sure that you keep the structure of your essay in mind before you begin writing. You should try to keep the topic in the first sentence and build from there. If you do this, your essay will have a better chance of succeeding.Fourth, try to write your essays with your desired style in mind. If you write it in a way that is different from what is expected, you are more likely to be ignored and will also cause your test results to look worse than they really are. To make sure that you have an essay that you can be proud of, be sure to study sample essays for general IELTS tests.Fifth, take advantage of many online sites that will give you essay samples for general IELTS tests. You will get a preview of the kind of essay you are going to need to write. You can then select a sample that is suitable for your needs and start writing.Sixth, be aware that mistakes are part of the process of writing. Always try to proofread your work. This means t hat if you make any typographical errors, fix them before you submit your essay.A good essay can be a powerful tool that can help you get through your test. Take the time to learn how to create effective essay samples for general IELTS tests. This way, you will be able to make your essay the best it can be.

Article 47 Leovegas Win Sparks Surprising Charity Donation

Article 47 - LeoVegas win sparks surprising charity donation The online casino industry and charity seldom go hand-in-hand, however a single gambler man worked to change that for good. A 49-year old man from a small Swedish town man swooped in to win a  £570,000 jackpot through a slot game on the popular online casino website LeoVegas. The man who has won the jackpot has opted to maintain nameless, but his gesture has brought upon plenty of plaudits and plenty of media attention. Slots have always presented the potential to win big and arguably the winnings don’t come any bigger than through LeoVegas. Popular amongst online gamblers due to their progressive jackpots, the winner in question is the latest in a long line in big winners.†¦show more content†¦The winner’s charitable nature has been met with round applause in the online community and for good reason. The win comes shortly after another Swedish man broke a world record by winning a cool  £4.4 million on a LeoVegas mobile game. Considering the large nature of the wins you would expect LeoVegas to be a little disappointed that they are losing such sums in quick succession, but that isn’t actually the case. Speaking on the latest big win UK country manager for LeoVegas Shenaly Amin said â€Å"2015 has been a huge year for us and our customers and we are always glad to hear about how are players plan to spend their winnings, especially when charity is involved† and â€Å"LeoVegas are also looking forward to hearing more about the winner’s betting kiosk venture in the future†. LeoVegas has been around since the start of the decade and have shot through the ranks in terms of popularity in recent years. This story is certainly going to provide plenty of good press for the brand too. Speaking on what customers can expect from the online casino in the future Shenaly said â€Å"March was obviously a big month for some of our players, while it also capped our year

The Invisible Knapsack - 1023 Words

Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack Reaction Paper It is easy for me to walk into a stationery store and find a greeting card appropriate for my family or most of my friends. But recently, my husband and I wanted to send a card to dear friends who just had a baby girl. But we had a challenging experience finding the right card. The problem was not in the lack of congratulatory messages, but in the lack of cards which properly identify with our friends. Our friends are African American. It is also heartbreaking to notice that their birth announcement portrays a sketch of a white baby; they, too, had a hard time finding an appropriate greeting. There were a lot of truths to McIntosh s statements. White privilege seems to†¦show more content†¦In order to change these types of conditions, I think it should be put out in the open more. â€Å"White privilege† is supposedly this invisible knapsack. If more people knew about it, maybe they would try to be more conscious of how they treated others and how they exercised this w hite privilege without really knowing it. I think a lot of people’s reactions to a minority speaking, for example, is done kind of subconsciously and many may not realize that they are doing it because they’ve done it for so long and they’ve been trained in a way to think that it’s ok, and it’s not. In regard to this article directly, America, being initially a British colony, will of course have a â€Å"white† history. Barack Obama, Colin Powell, and Condoleeza Rice are African American’s that held or currently hold high governmental positions. Living in a predominantly white town, going to a predominantly white school, I had no idea that white privilege even existed. Honestly though, I feel white privilege isn’t about who is a CEO or a multibillionaire. It’s about taxi cabs picking you up and job interviewers taking you seriously. I had an uneasy feeling after reading this article. It really opened my eyes to what minorities have to deal with on a daily basis. I take for granted the fact that in high school my grades were average and I cannot help but wonder if a student of another race would haveShow MoreRelatedWhite Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack920 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack†, Peggy McIntosh talks about the various privileges white people receive. Her basic idea was to inform the readers that whites are taught to ignore the fact that they enjoy social privileges that people of color do not because we live in a society of white dominance. McIntosh lists some daily white privileges; a variety of daily instances where white dominance is clear. Her examples include privileges relating to education, careersRead MoreWhite Privilege : The Invisible Knapsack Essay825 Words   |  4 Pagesto be a common topic this century, almost letting us know, it’s not going away. Powerful voices have stepped up and spoke out, trying to change something, anything. This includes the writers Peggy McIntosh, who wrote â€Å"White Privilege: The Invisible Knapsack† and Beverly Daniel Tatum, who wrote â€Å"Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?† These essays had more in common than having authors, who are great influential woman. They both had a point to prove about racial identityRead MoreWhite Privilege : Unpacking The Invisible Knapsack967 Words   |  4 Pagesover time. It also doesn’t help white people to recognize these discriminatory practices considering they have been unconsciously tailored to be consistent with white perspective and mentality. In her article, White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, Peggy McIntosh examines not only how white folks often consider themselves to be a normative figure within society, but also how they are carefully taught not to recognize the advantages they gain from the disadvantages that impair people ofRead MoreWhite Privilege : Unpacking The Invisible Knapsack1455 Words   |  6 Pagesand Ethnicity course throughout the spring 2016 semester. White Privilege To begin, the first pivotal revelation is the concept of white privilege. White Privilege, as Peggy McIntosh specifies in her essay, â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack†, is a set of unearned assets which a white person in America can count on cashing in each day yet they remain oblivious to. This theme resonates as prior to this course, though aware of certain advantages as a seemingly â€Å"white† person in societyRead MoreWhite Privilege : The Invisible Knapsack, And Beverly Daniel Tatum Essay908 Words   |  4 Pages Many powerful voices have spoken out to try to change the impertinent mindset of racists and lessen the racist acts of society. Some of the spokespersons speaking on this topic are writers Peggy McIntosh, author of â€Å"White Privilege: The Invisible Knapsack,† and Beverly Daniel Tatum, author of â€Å"Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria?† I found these essays to have more in common than great influential female authors Both women had a point to prove about racial identity asRead MoreThe Readings White Privilege : Unpacking The Invisible Knapsack, By Peggy Mcintosh, White Women, Race Matters1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe readings White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, by Peggy McIntosh, White Women, Race Matters by Ruth Frankenberg and Representing Whiteness in the Black Imagination, by bell hooks, all cover the issue of whiteness from different perspectives. There are many aspects of whiteness; in this essay, I will argue that the two most important features are the absence of knowledge of the issue on the part of white people and stereotype consequences. A key point in racism is whiteness, andRead MoreAnalysis Of White Privilege : Unpacking The Invisible Backpack949 Words   |  4 Pageseveryone carried a knapsack. This knapsack carries all of our privileges, whether it is our gender, religion, or even simply our ability to breathe without an oxygen tank. Every knapsack that everyone carries is different; however, the only way we could know what’s in a knapsack, you have to be willing to ask and look for your answers. Peggy McIntosh exploits this concept of a â€Å"knapsack†, as she pulls apart what’s in her own sack in her article, â€Å"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Backpack.† HerRead MoreDoes Affirmative Action Correct Past Injustices?942 Words   |  4 Pagescorollary aspects, white privilege, which puts me at an advantage.† (McIntosh, White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, p.1). In being in a position of majority and privilege, Caucasians are made to be â€Å"confident, comfortable, and oblivious, [while] other groups [are] likely being made unconfident, uncomfortable, and alienated.† (McIntosh, White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack, p.1). Whiteness, allows me to open a magazine, turn on a television, or browse the internet and find myRead MoreGender, Racial, Sexuality, Race, And Class ( 11 )975 Words   |  4 Pagesbut her ability to view the Other through the dominant eye presents her with a newfound white privilege she critiques. The scholar examines daily cultural practices and norms of whiteness in her essay, White Privilege: Unpacking Invisible Knapsack. The invisible knapsack embodies a series of rights and entitlement that are not earned, but conferred and naturalized (97). Acknowledging white power and publishing it revokes some power McIntosh otherwise had. For instance, schooling taught her to viewRead MoreOrlando Padilla. Mrs. Miller. English 1A . Flawed Economic1562 Words   |  7 Pagesin the way they are treated. In Peggy Mcintosh’s â€Å"White Privilege: The Invisible Knapsack†, she claims that whites live privileged live’s because their race is seen as being superior to others. Mcintosh says, â€Å"I have come to see white privilege as an invisible package of unearned assets that i can count on cashing in each day, but about which i ‘meant’ to remain oblivious. White privilege is like an invisible weightless knapsack of special provisions, assurances, tools, maps, guides, codebooks, passports

Educating Rita and the Devil Wears Prada Speech Into the...

The society we live in distorts our own unique desires and goals. When in a workplace or community it puts more pressure and expectation on individuals’ goals, warping them until a point where one identifies what they truly want and breaks the mould and expectations of society to do this. Examining texts such as ‘Educating Rita’ and ‘The Devil Wears Prada’ in addition to my own personal experience will bring forth an understanding of how society affects growing up and transition into new phases of life into a larger world. The text ‘Educating Rita’ is set Britain in the 1970’s, where a woman’s role was to have a family and look after it by staying at home and in the kitchen. The feminist movement started to occur along with the†¦show more content†¦The word ‘bursts’ here has connotations of confidence and her eagerness to learn. She is breaking her social context whereas in scene one she was questionin g herself. Rita always purchases new dresses to cheer her up, but now realises she is not content with it. She stresses to Frank that â€Å"It’s like me isn’t it? Buying new dresses all the time, isn’t it?† The rhetorical questions and repetition enhance reflection on her learning and aim to move out of the stereotype. ‘In new second hand clothes’ this is symbolic of the ease she has in the middle class and shows juxtaposition of new second hand clothes. This has highlighted how she has changed and matured into the middle class and doesn’t require materialistic needs like a dress to satisfy her depression. Rita in’ Educating Rita’ mirrors the same growth and change as Andrea in ‘The Devil Wears Prada’. It is a 2006 film in times where individuals are controlled by the capitalist world and times where pleasing your boss was the only ambition. Andrea is easily manipulated to suit her social context and expectations of her boss. This is shown through the change in her values overtime highlighting her new appreciation for fashion which is negatively affecting her relationships with her friends. Andrea then grows enough to come to realisation that she is controlled by the materialistic needs of fashion influences by the industry. This is shown thought

Marketing in Multinational Organizations

Question: Discuss about the Marketing in Multinational Organizations. Answer: Introduction Multinational organizations are constantly competing with each other in terms of achieving success and sustainability in the competitive business world. There are many sustainable strategies that companies are adopting various types of strategies especially in terms of marketing of their products and services in their target market. The report illustrates the marketing strategies of two companies i.e. Eagle Boys and Coles in Australia. Marketing strategies of these two enterprises are critically analyzed in detail in the Australian market. It can be said that both the companies are successful in their marketing campaigns. However, the companies are adopting various types of innovative and improved version of both legacy and digital media that will be described in the report. The marketing strategies of both the brands will discuss about the perception of the consumer towards the brand and their effectiveness towards customer attraction. Marketing campaign of a multinational company depends on many factors. The case study of Eagle Boys describes about the Measure Up campaign that targets the consumers of Australia in the age group of 18 to 30 years of age. In the case study, it is mentioned that there are many competitors of Eagle Boys who are providing tough competition to the company. The company has conducted an extensive market research in order to receive knowledge about the marketing activities of the competitor rival brands such as Dominos, Pizza Hut, etc. Apart from using legacy media, Eagle Boys is also focusing on using digital media in order to engage customers and converting them from followers to potential buyers of the company (PRIA 2016). The Measure Up campaign of Eagle Boys have categorized the target audience into three groups such as young adults, industry and families having household and children. Coles is considered as second most popular supermarket retail chain of Australia. The marketing strategy followed by Coles is divided into four categories such as volume share of voice, sentiment, themes and wrap up. In the case study, the digital marketing strategy of Coles is focused more than traditional media marketing of the company. Apart from that, it is seen that the company is having high presence in the digital world that helps in attracting more customers to the in house brands of Coles (Grant 2016). The case study illustrates that in recent years, Coles has introduces many loyalty programs that will improve the motivation of the customers while buying more products from Coles compared to other supermarkets. The supermarkets of Australia face price war. Coles have to formulate marketing strategy in order to cope up with the situation of price war using differentiation in the private label brands of Coles. Marketing strategies of two companies Marketing strategy of an organization is formulated in a motive of gaining competitive advantage among its competitors in the marketplace and to reinforcing the brand among the minds of target customers. Marketing campaign of Eagle Boys is mediated to raise the awareness of the pizzas of Eagle Boys and the value provided by the company to its customers. The objectives of the measure up campaign of Eagle Boys is to drive the sales by 10% while educating the customers about pizzas and the unique flavors used by the company in manufacturing pizzas (Armstrong et al. 2012). The measure up campaign is formulated in order to attract more customers towards the brand and reinforcing the brand in their minds so that the target customers can prefer this brand to other brands. The awareness of the brand is due to the point of difference created by the brand while improving customer loyalty and brand perception. The media campaign of Eagle Boys is targeted to increase the popularity of the brand. The corporate media campaign is formulated to reduce the media shrinkage that has been done earlier in the media (Boone and Kurtz 2013). It would hamper the image of the brand in the customers mind that will lead to decrease in the sales. Coles is the second most popular supermarkets in Australia. Marketing strategy of Coles is improved in terms of attraction of customers towards Coles and gaining a competitive advantage in the market. However, Coles has gained the competitive advantage by introducing new strategies in terms of digital media and customer loyalty programs for its customers. Coles is focused on its in-house brands more than that of the other brands of products available in the store (Chaffey and Bosomworth 2012). Coles has very good response in social media compared to other supermarkets of Australia. The aim of the marketing strategy is to improve the theme used in social media approaches to attract more customer bases over other supermarket retail chains like Woolworths. The loyalty programs of Coles are innovative and are formulated in a way so that the customers will get benefit whenever they will shop at Coles. Cost leadership strategy is the most important strategy that is adopted by Coles in the market (Kotler et al. 2015). Price war is the point of concern of the supermarkets present in Australia. It is very important of having digital presence along with physical presence of the stores in the market. The motive of the marketing strategy is to influence the consumers while buying product from Coles while enjoying benefits of shopping at Coles. Analysis of the marketing strategies Critical analysis of the marketing strategy of both the multinational company will be discussed in this section in order to compare the marketing strategies with the competitors of the companies in their respective sectors. Coles has approximately 762 stores in Australia. Apart from that, the company is facing tough competition from the German supermarket retail chain Aldi as well as from Australian biggest retail chain Woolworths. The marketing strategy of Coles is compared to the strategy adopted by Woolworths in the market (West et al. 2015). However, it can be said that the company has introduced their flyer point programs and credit cards in order to attract more customers and engage themselves into more shopping. The marketing strategy is also formulated for providing customers an enriched shopping experience as well as extensive service from the sales people present within the stores (Wilson and Gilligan 2012). The cast study portrays that Coles is very active in Twitter that is responsible for generation of more reviews and mentions in the social media sites. The number of mentions of Coles in Twitter is approximately 10,000. The sentiment of the brand in online social media is neutral and positive. There are lesser negative sentiments about Coles from the followers of Coles in Twitter and other social media websites (Morgan et al. 2012). However, there are many themes that are used by Coles in Twitter are not preferred by the followers. The strategies mentioned in the case studies also mentioned Aldi side by side with Coles in terms of brand promotion. In terms of wrap up, it is seen that Coles is getting more popularity than Woolworths while nurturing the influence of the brand by eradicating the negative sentiments from the minds of the customers (Coles 2014). Measure up campaign is one of the most popular marketing media campaign from Eagle Boys. Eagle Boys has good reputation as the most trusted company in terms of pizza providers in Australia. The case study of marketing strategy analysis of Eagle Boys illustrates that many competitors of Eagle Boys are in the market that has strong campaigns in terms of marketing and promotion. The company is using online media such as blogs, current affair sites and online news (Czinkota and Ronkainen 2013). Mainstream media used by Eagle Boys in the Measure Up campaign are metro radio, metro television and metro newspapers. Industrial newsprint are also targeted by Eagle Boys. They are retail, franchise and business news and food news. However, the media campaign program is categorized into two groups such as consumer media relations and corporate media relations. The topics that will be including in the blogs of Eagle Boys would be related to the surrounding shrinking sizes of pizzas. The topic is s elected after conducting an extensive market research done by the strategic management department of the company (Foxall 2014). Eagle Boys has pointed out that they are providing pizzas that are having more in diameters and thick crusts compared to pizzas of other international competitor brands like Dominos and Pizza Hut. Shrinking of pizzas is not only mentioned in the media but also it will be showed to the consumers so that they can get a clear idea about the initiatives taken by the company in gaining the trust of the consumers in the market (PRIA 2016). Conclusion The report describes in details about the marketing strategies of two companies that belongs to two different sectors of industries. The case studies of the marketing studies suggested that how these companies are successful in accomplishing the marketing goals as well as organizational goals. Sustainability is the main aspect that is applied by both of the companies so that they can get advantage in the near future. However, the analysis of the marketing strategies illustrates that the importance of digital marketing strategies are more important than that of traditional legacy media. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2012.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Prentice-Hall, London. Boone, L.E. and Kurtz, D.L., 2013.Contemporary marketing. Cengage learning. Chaffey, D. and Bosomworth, D., 2012. Digital Marketing: Strategy.Implementation and Practice: Pearson. Coles, B., 2014. How to support social media marketing for your project.Inside Film: If, (161), p.18. Czinkota, M.R. and Ronkainen, I.A., 2013.International marketing. Cengage Learning. Foxall, G., 2014.Corporate Innovation (RLE Marketing): Marketing and Strategy. Routledge. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L. and Armstrong, G., 2015.Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Morgan, N.A., Katsikeas, C.S. and Vorhies, D.W., 2012. Export marketing strategy implementation, export marketing capabilities, and export venture performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(2), pp.271-289. PRIA, 2016.Eagle Boys 'Measure Up' Campaign - Public Relations Institute of Australia. [online] Pria.com.au. Available at: https://www.pria.com.au/resources//eagle-boys-measure-up-campaign [Accessed 5 Dec. 2016]. West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press. Wilson, R.M. and Gilligan, C., 2012.Strategic marketing management. Routledge.

Pricing Practices in the Denver, Colorado, Newspaper Market Essay Example

Pricing Practices in the Denver, Colorado, Newspaper Market Paper Beginning with the basics, economics is based on scarcity. Price has no connection to morality or â€Å"objective value†. Since everything has a cost, price is therefore a signal of how scarce a good is. The price also tells us how much the good is worth to the marginal consumer. Knowing that firms are greedy and want to maximize profits, the joint operating agreement between the Post and News will lead to one independent newspaper in Denver. If there is only one newspaper, then they are solely responsible for the advertising, circulation, and production. With the merger between two companies, there is obviously no reason to have two editors, two directors of each department, etc. Even the amount of people delivering newspapers will be cut in half. Therefore, jobs are going to be lost with the merge. With only one company, the Denver Newspaper Agency can charge any rate they want for circulation prices and they can increase advertising costs because they are the only newspaper to advertise in. At first, if all the consumers continue to buy newspapers, there will most likely be a shortage in supply. If P1 P*, then QD1 QS1. We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Practices in the Denver, Colorado, Newspaper Market specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Practices in the Denver, Colorado, Newspaper Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pricing Practices in the Denver, Colorado, Newspaper Market specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, a shortage exists and some consumers have incentive to bid up the price. As price increases, quantity supply increases, and quantity demand decreases. This will continue until equilibrium (P*) is met and the shortage will disappear. At equilibrium QD=QS=Q*, therefore no one has incentive to change behavior. Price remains constant. Figure 1 (attached) shows a graphical explanation. If consumers in Denver decide that the Denver Newspaper Agency is charging too much for a newspaper, then consumers will stop buying the product. If P2 P*, and QS1 QD1, a surplus exists. Firms can’t sell all goods, therefore price decreases, quantity demand increases, and quantity supply decreases. This continues until equilibrium is met again at P*. This relationship is shown in Figure 2. The relationship also explains if The Denver Newspaper Agency tries to charge high prices for advertising. Consumers will stop buying advertisements causing a decrease in quantity demand. Figure 3 shows the demand curve shift right as there would be an increase in consumers for the Denver Newspaper Agency since it would be the only supplier. The graph shows the initial equilibrium where QD1=QS1=Q1. The increase in consumers causes the shift in demand from D1 to D2. At initial price (P1), with new demand curve (D2), QD2 QS2, therefore there is a shortage. Consumers compete for scarce goods and bid up price, so price increases, quantity supply increases, and quantity demand decreases; therefore shortage disappears. This will continue until P* (Pt. B. ) where QS3=QD3=Q3. 2. Price discrimination occurs when the same product is sold at more than one price. In general, managers try to identify submarkets on the basis of an individual’s price elasticity of demand. There are three types of price discrimination: first, second, and third degree. The case of selling classified advertising that varies in price according to the value of the item advertised is an example of the most common form of price discrimination: third-degree price discrimination. This type of discrimination is most popular because although managers would prefer to identify the preferences of individuals, it is too expensive. Instead, they chose the next best alternative. This alternative is to identify individuals with similar traits and group them together. Buyers of the product must fall into specific groups with considerable differences in price elasticity of demand for the product. For example, a newspaper knows that an average person is willing to pay more to advertise a car than to advertise a bicycle. One reason to consider is the â€Å"return on investment†. I, personally, would be willing to pay more to advertise my car knowing that I would be making thousands of dollars off the sale. With a bike, it may not be worth it if the return is only a few hundred dollars. Like I mentioned in the previous answer, price has no relation to morality or objective value. Taking an ad out in a newspaper for a funeral is very expensive. However, the newspaper knows that consumers are willing to pay the price because it is one of the easiest ways to get the information out to friends and family in the community. Another reason may be that funeral homes usually take care of all the arrangements, so consumers don’t know how much the newspaper advertisement really cost until they see the bill of the entire funeral broken down. Simply put, the person advertising a funeral has a much less elastic demand than the person advertising a bicycle. The person selling the bicycle has more substitutes. Figure 4 (attached) illustrates third degree price discrimination. 3. Managers practice price discrimination either when they sell physically identical products at different prices or when similar products are sold at prices with different ratios to marginal cost. The strategy works best in markets with various classes of buyers who are differentiated in price elasticities of demand. In order for price discrimination to exist, there has to be two or more distinct groups, the groups must be identifiable, there must be market power, and the good has to be difficult to resell. In the case of airline fares, there are different types of travelers, identifiable groups (business and leisure), and the airline ticket cannot be resold. Once the flight has happened, the experience cannot be shared and the ticket cannot be used again. With local newspapers, there are different types of customers that have different reasons for advertising different items. Once the paper is printed and issued, the advertisement cannot be used again. It cannot be resold. I would argue that the example of airline fares is a better example of price discrimination. It is easier to identify different groups of people traveling than it is to identify different reasons as for why people want an advertisement. The experience of a flight on an airplane cannot be resold. Although an advertisement is only good for the one issue of a newspaper printed, it can still be seen by multiple people in a household or workspace. An airline ticket can only be used by one person. It is also easier to identify passengers as business or leisure. In the case of newspaper advertisements, it is harder to identify groups of people.

3 Types of Sexual Life Cycles - Evolution

3 Types of Sexual Life Cycles - Evolution One of the properties of life is the ability to reproduce to create offspring that can carry on the genetics of the parent or parents  to the following generations. Living organisms can accomplish this by reproducing in one of two ways. Some species use asexual reproduction to make offspring, while others reproduce using sexual reproduction. While each mechanism has its pros and its cons, whether or not a parent needs a partner to reproduce or it can make offspring on its own are both valid ways to carry on the species. Different kinds of eukaryotic organisms that undergo sexual reproduction  have different types of sexual life cycles. These life cycles determine how the organism will not only make its offspring but also how the cells within the multicellular organism will reproduce themselves. The sexual life cycle determines  how many sets of chromosomes each cell in the organism  will have. Diplontic Life Cycle A diploid cell is a type of eukaryotic cell that has 2 sets of chromosomes. Usually, these sets are a genetic mixture of both the male and female parent. One set of the chromosomes comes from the mother and one set comes from the father. This allows a nice mixture of the genetics of both parents and increases diversity of traits in the gene pool for natural selection to work on. In a diplontic life cycle, the majority of the organisms life is spent with most of the cells in the body being diploid. The only cells that have half the number of chromosomes, or are haploid, are the gametes (sex cells). Most organisms that have a diplontic life cycle start from the fusion of two haploid gametes. One of the gametes comes from a female and the other from the male. This coming together of the sex cells creates a diploid cell called a zygote. Since the diplontic life cycle keeps most of the body cells as diploid, mitosis can happen to split the zygote and continue splitting future generations of cells. Before mitosis can happen, the cells DNA is duplicated to make sure the daughter cells have two full sets of chromosomes that are identical to each other. The only haploid cells that happen during a diplontic life cycle are gametes. Therefore, mitosis cannot be used to make the gametes. Instead, the process of meiosis is what creates the haploid gametes from the diploid cells in the body. This ensures that the gametes will have only one set of chromosomes, so when they fuse again during sexual reproduction, the resulting zygote will have the two sets of chromosomes of a normal diploid cell. Most animals, including humans, have a diplontic sexual life cycle. Haplontic Life Cycle Cells that spend the majority of their lives in a haploid phase are considered to have a haplontic sexual life cycle. In fact, organisms that have a haplontic life cycle are only composed of a diploid cell when they are zygotes. Just like in the diplontic life cycle, a haploid  gamete from a female and a haploid gamete from a male will fuse to make a diploid zygote. However, that is the only diploid cell in the entire haplontic life cycle.   The zygote undergoes meiosis at its first division to create daughter cells that have half the number of chromosomes compared to the zygote. After that division, all of the now haploid cells in the organism undergo mitosis in future cell divisions to create more haploid cells. This continues on for the organisms entire life cycle. When it is time to sexually reproduce, the gametes are already haploid and can just fuse with another organisms haploid gamete to form the zygote of the offspring. Examples of organisms that live a haplontic sexual life cycle include fungi, some protists, and some plants. Alternation of Generations The final type of sexual life cycle is a kind of mix of the two previous types. Called alternation of generations, the organism spends about half of its life in a haplontic life cycle and the other half of its life in a diplontic life cycle. Like the haplontic and diplontic life cycles, organisms that have an alternation of generations sexual life cycle begin life as a diploid zygote formed from the fusion of haploid gametes from a male and a female. The zygote can then either undergo mitosis and enter its diploid phase, or perform meiosis and become haploid cells. The resulting diploid cells are called sporophytes and the haploid cells are called gametophytes. The cells will continue to do mitosis and split in whichever phase they enter and create more cells for growth and repair. Gametophytes can then once again fuse to become a diploid zygote of the offspring. Most plants live the alternation of generations sexual life cycle.

Should the government continue repatriating (i.e., returning) Research Paper

Should the government continue repatriating (i.e., returning) Guantnamo detainees to other countries - Research Paper Example Since they were arrested without trial, this ruined their lives. 4. The cost of maintaining Guantanamo bay detainees is costly and repatriating them would assist American government save on costs. 5. Repatriation of Guantanamo bay detainees would help in restoring the broken relations between US and the Middle East nations whose citizens were seen as targets of Guantanamo. CON: No, the US government should not repatriate Guantanamo bay detainees because†¦ 1. Repatriation of Guantanamo bay detainees would put their lives at risk. 2. Repatriating Guantanamo bay detainees will create a new security risk to American citizens. 3. Since Guantanamo bay detainees are prisoners of war, they have to face international charges on the crimes they undertook. 4. Repatriating Guantanamo bay detainees would seem unfair to victims of acts of terrorism who feel that these detainees deserve justice. 5. Repatriating Guantanamo bay detainees would amount to giving freedom to unlawful combatants. As a result, it would deal a blow to war on terrorism. The handling of Guantanamo bay detainees was not done in a proper manner since they were arrested and detained without trial. As a result, the US government has suffered a lot in terms of its image being soiled as a human rights violator. Therefore, the repatriations of Guantanamo bay detainees will help US to put behind the problems concerning human rights violations. Moreover, it will also assist the United States in giving justice to the detainees since they were first illegally and denied trial.1 In most case, Guantanamo bay detainees were not found at fault and therefore they will be released as a way of serving justice unto them. Guantanamo bay detainees should be treated as human beings and thus their release and eventual repatriation would guarantee them freedom. For instance, the case of Latif who committed suicide in Guantanamo tends to tarnish the human rights record of the United States.2 The US government will also sav e on costs of handling Guantanamo bay detainees if they were to be repatriated. The American government will save a lot if they repatriate Guantanamo bay detainees and it also well also help in reducing costs on people who are neither guilty nor innocent of war crimes. Guantanamo bay detainees have suffered a lot under the US administration since their incarceration was done against international laws. The detainees were not treated humanely and therefore man people criticised the move by President Bush’s government in detaining prisoners. For instance, the repatriation of Guantanamo bay detainees has been applauded as a good move by Elisa Massimino who said that the release of the prisoners by President Obama would help the US reclaim its role as a nation committed to human rights and the rule of law.3 The detention of people in Guantanamo bay was illegal and it lead to the ruin of the lives of many people from different locations. As a result, the repatriation of Guantanamo bay detainees would

Innocent smoothies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Innocent smoothies - Assignment Example Innocent’s mini-kiosks were some of the few food outlets in the Olympic park offering healthy food alternatives to the millions of attendees. The company also ran a two-week campaign called ‘Tweet for A seat’ prior to the start of the Olympics (Eleftheriou-Smith, 2012). This was intended to have the fans regenerate the advertisements by tweeting pictures of the company’s products to their followers. In the campaign, Innocent called on its Twitter followers to suggest whom they wanted to take with them to the Olympics and the reason for a chance to win a seat for two. The campaign followed a decision by the company to scrap off its scheduled promotion through which it aimed to improve the sale of Olympic tickets. Smoothie had worked to be the official smoothie and juice sponsor of the Olympics. Before the start of 2012 Olympic, Innocent launched a healthy living campaign, which encouraged people to kick off the year with healthy lifestyles (Eleftheriou-Smith, 2011). The company features one retired athlete, Kris Akabusi in its video advert clips and billboards with a message to encourage people to get back into fitness through exercising. It gave away free day passes to the gyms of virgin active all over Europe (OReilly, 2014). Although this campaign was not geared to promoting the Olympics, it helped the company generate more revenue clocking 200 million pounds the following year. The company’s promotional campaigns have always focused on marketing its products as the best alternative healthy foods in Europe. It prompts people to focus on their health and watch their diet. Its tagline ‘tastes good, does good’ is meant to appeal to the buyers to buy the products and feel the tastes and effects of the product. By appealing to the healthy lifestyle, the company brands itself as the only one offering alternatives to longer living. This is a moral appeal

Digital Bangladesh: Concepts of Development

Digital Bangladesh: Concepts of Development Background The phrase Digital Bangladesh, although is composed of the catching word Digital, stands for a concept which benefits the country as a whole by using Information and Communication Technology for management, administration and governance in order to ensure transparency, accountability and answerability at all levels of society and state. Digital Bangladesh will provide us an ICT driven knowledge-based society where information will be readily available on line and where all possible tasks of the government, semi-government and also private spheres will be processed using the state of the art technology. So, in order to build a digital Bangladesh, we should emphasis on efficient and effective use of modern ICT in all spheres of the society with a view to establish technology driven e-governance, e-commerce, e-production, e-agriculture, e-health etc. for emphasizing the overall development of the common people, the major stakeholders of the country. Backbone of Digital Bangladesh ICT is the backbone of any digital initiative. It covers the vast area of information ensuring connectivity through the information technology, communication technology and of course the telecommunication technology. Without the development of the ICT sector, the dream of a Digital Bangladesh would not be possible. The main factors of ICT are the physical backbone and the intellect. Computer Systems, Network Machineries, Software, Wire and Wireless Connectivity Systems, Broadcast Hardware and many other Hardware and Accessories are the physical backbone. The trained human behind the backbone are the intellect. To materialize the idea of digital Bangladesh, development of countrywide backbone and expected number of human recourses are the basic needs. On the other hand, while mass people are concern, availability, accessibility and affordability must be ensured; otherwise the objective of building a digital Bangladesh could not be achieved properly. Due to globalization, more specific ally due to booming of ICT like most of the country of the globe, Bangladesh has already been connected with the outside world through the information super highway. Relationship between development and digitization Information technology reduces costs, saves time, improves efficiency, raises comfort levels and increases the confidence of citizens. Hence, developing countries such as Bangladesh should leverage the power of IT to leapfrog poverty barriers, and promote economic and social development. But we have to keep in mind that technology (ICT) alone can not alleviate economy, nor guarantee dynamic service delivery to citizens. It is important to understand that ICT facilities Good Governance but ICT itself do not guarantee Good Governance. Status of our country Telecommunication and Internet: backbone of communication Until recently, International Telecommunication System of Bangladesh has been dependent on satellite which was slow and had narrow band width. According to Telecommunication Policy of the government, International Telecommunication Network system is being regulated now by BTCL. Bangladesh has presently been connected with Information Super Highway through Submarine Cable since May, 2006. International Voice Circuits have been increased by more than 200 percent. IPLC (International Private Leased Circuit) has been opened with different companies. BTCL is connected with Singapore and France and Italy for Internet through 12 X STM-1. The Router capacity of BTCL has been enhanced through up-gradation of digital Data Network. Installation of NGN TAX (Next Generation Trunk Auto Exchange) is going on. It will enhance the inter district Telecommunication facilities. Access Network through Copper Cable, Optical Fiber, x-DSL, Wi-MAX is under process with a view to bring broadband connectivity and other facilities of the Submarine Cable System to the door-step of the subscribers. Mobile phone: media of communication Over last few years, a great revolution has taken place in the cellular phone usage in Bangladesh. It is evident from the table that the number of cell phone subscribers is growing rapidly compared with the fixed phone subscribers in Bangladesh. The growth rate of fixed phone subscriber was 15.26 percent in 2008. Against this, the growth rate of cell phone subscribers stood at 117.57 percent in 2004 and 35 percent in June 2008. Computer: tool of digitization Human Resources: work force for digitization World Scenario This digital revolution has created a brand new economic sector that simply did not exist before. Computers, modern telecommunication and the Internet all reduce communication costs and break down geographical borders. In addition, ICT can be an important driver in poverty reduction and assure sustained economic growth, better public welfare, and strong social solidity and democratic forms of government. In the developed nations government policies are being established which attempts to ensure that all citizens will get opportunity to access the effective use of ICT in order to enable them to participate in the educational, social and economic activities and democratic process. Developed countries are getting much benefit from the advancement of ICT. People living in developed countries have the best access to the fastest computers, best telephone services, competitive Internet Service Providers, and a wealth of content and training relevant to their lives. For example (Legard, 2001 ): The total Internet bandwidth in Africa is equal to that in the Brazilian city of Sao Paolo. The total Internet bandwidth in all of Latin America is equal to that in Seoul, South Korea. As a proportion of monthly income, Internet access in the United States is 250 times cheaper than in Nepal and 50 times cheaper than in Sri Lanka. In the United States, gn 1e6 54.3 percent of citizens use the Internet, compared to a global average of 6.7 percent. In the Indian subcontinent, the proportion is 0.4 percent. The digital divide around the world is usually measured through statistical indices such as the number of telephone lines, personal computers, websites and Internet users and their ratio to the total population. Table:1 shows a picture of such type of statistics of some world including Bangladesh. Although, there is an overall increment that has been enjoyed throughout the years in various areas of information and communication technologies, the improvement is very minimal in terms of global progression and not as good to be mentioned as an upcoming information society of the world. In fact, despite all these improvements, according to the ICT Development Index, Bangladesh moved down 6 places, from rank 132 in 2002 to rank 138 in 2007. This clearly indicates that there were countries that were ranked below Bangladesh in the 2002 index and they achieved significant improvements to exceed our rank in 2007. The examples include some developing and least developed countries like Pakistan, Gambia, Cote dIvoire, Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritania and Benin. The country that expanded most worldwide in ranking is Pakistan, moving up to 19 places, from the rank 146 in 2002 to rank 127 in 2007. Though the rank is still low, the progress has been significant in the past five years because i n 2002 there was almost no ICT access and usage in the country, whereas in 2007, 8% households had computers and internet penetration reached 10.7%. This proves that the country has improved in two areas of ICT while Bangladesh improved significantly in one area, which ranked us below Pakistan. So, an overall consistent increment in penetration levels starting from mobile telephones to fix telephone lines and from internet to personal computers is highly needed for making Bangladesh the digital one. India has led the use of remote sensing satellite information for locating irrigation projects. The Internet has been effectively used in some of the villages to ensure effective dissemination of agricultural commodity price information. The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in India has used IT effectively, to enhance competitiveness of the dairy industry and to provide benefits to the rural masses. Towards digital Bangladesh we can use the Indian experience of using ICT in different sectors of the agriculture. Since more than half of our population is employed in agriculture, our planner should put ICT to good use in agriculture. The Simputer was developed by scientists from the Indian Institute of Science, and a software company called Encore. One can get computing facilities at a drastically lower cost as simputer only cost US$150 per piece compared to US$ 400 for a PC. Further, it has a local language interface. This is an instance of how the scientist, academia and industry can collaborate to develop technology to suit a particular economy. We can learn this lesson also from our neighboring country. In Bangladesh, 51% of the population does not have access to essential drugs. Further, there are only 26 physicians per 100,000 population compared to 279 for US and 162 for China. ICT can help bring medical expertise to Upazilla and District headquarters. Tele-medicine, for instance may link healthcare centers in remote locations, through satellites, with super specialty hospitals at major towns / cities. Thus it can bring connectivity between patients at remote end, with specialist doctors, for medical consultations and treatment. Our shortcomings Access to the Technology Inadequate technical and policy capacity is a fundamental barrier to digital Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the lack of technical capacity and public managers perceptions of ICT is problematic in regard to issues such as migration to IP-based networks, implementation of mobile communication systems, and e-commerce applications, though capacity building measures do exist. One of the chief obstacles to effective e-governance is a lack of awareness about the usefulness of the Internet in policy making, coordination of policy implementation, creating portals in engaging important actors in the policy process, and in building an open and transparent public platform for wider participation. The reason for Digital Divide in Bangladesh is that the telecommunications infrastructure is deficient. In Bangladesh, the telephone density is only about 0.5%, which is the main reason for insignificant internet connection in the country. ICT infrastructure support is inadequate as compared to other countr ies in this region there is lack of any centralized policy to progress of ICT in the country. There is also some lack of holistic approach to infrastructure creation. The Internet facilities in sub-urban and district level are lag behind. No suitable network among the research institutes is established. Economic Barriers The economic condition of the people is one of the vital issues for computer use and internet connectivity. Generally, on average wealthy and educated as well as young, urban and male have the internet access, which appears that economic solvency education are the major factor during internet diffusion. Most of which are not favorable in Bangladesh. The budget provision for establishment, maintenance and expansion of computer networks in the country is inadequate. Reliable power supply is a major hindrance to develop telecom infrastructure in the rural areas. Literacy Barrier The Bangladesh is facing acute crisis of skilled computer user due to literacy problem. Lack of skilled manpower in public and private sectors is created. Information in the net is designed in the advanced technology which requires adequate knowledge for the user. Moreover, overall less educated community who are not very computer friendly. There is also some lack of proper motivational activities to promote e-commerce and e-government Language Barrier Language problem is another vital issue for the local user of the internet/web. There are very few web sites available in local language i.e. in Bengali. Local people are not very much frequent / efficient in English as language. Content Barrier Lack of Local Social Issues in the Net Contents in the web is not sufficiently enriched with information and services required by the local user. Still, local webs are concentrated with their product service promotion. Information based web services have not yet available in the net with local information. Social Cultural Environment As male group of the society can avail the web access facility from commercial centers or outside the home but the local women community of Bangladesh has limited access due to some social and cultural environment. Unfortunately, due to family obligation service, they can not spare sufficient time for using the net. Use of ICT within the government is still limited as only a small number of civil servants have Internet access. The high cost of IT equipment The high cost of IT equipment accessories which acts a barrier towards proliferation of IT accessneeds to be lowered. Due to high tariff levels, the cost of hardware and software in Bangladesh is significantly higher as compared to the rest of the world. For instance, A PC in Bangladesh costs around 12-15 months of average per-capita income as compared to Chinas 4 months and USAs 12 days. Hence, we need to reduce the tariff levels of ICT equipment and accessories to bring even a bigger population under Internet coverage. So the Inadequacy has been created in the man machine ratio. Steps to be taken Development of mobile applications As mass people in the urban as well as in the rural area use the cellular phone, we have to establish different kinds of mobile application. So they can easily enter into the information world. Most of our people live in with a lower economic condition, so the house hold computer is a dream for them. As the literacy rate is very poor and a person must has a minimum level of knowledge to operate a computer, so it is not feasible for our country that most of the people have access of computer in his house and also use the internet. But a mobile could easily be operated by all level of people. Those applications must be developed locally with relevant content and languages that promote advanced technology uptake. It is a knowledge driven technology; so, we need the people who have skill, knowledge, information and a level of education. For a future Bangladesh a tech shabby generation is significantly important. This generation would be the driving force for a digitized, prosperous and humane nation. To develop this kind of generation it needs to an education policy and national human resource policy. It is another hard truth that this objective could not be achieved over night, but a good beginning is essential, which will create the expected human resource that will manage, administer and govern future Bangladesh. Ensure a wide range of value added services (VAS). People could be instructed about product feature and cost clearly by avoiding elusive ideas or language. The services that are made available through the use of ICT should be freely available to all who might wi sh to make use of them. Awareness building program could be launched for everyone in phase by phase or categorically or geographically to aware them how they could be benefited from the use of the ICT. ICT Education and Human Resources Different types of IT education program could be launched for different people of the different level of education. It may be the IT discipline, Diploma courses, Training programs, only the introductory courses etc. Technology is important but not works without a person behind. Building of an IT educated work force is the most important segment of digital Bangladesh initiative. It needs strong commitment and strategic planning for sustainable Digital Bangladesh. The beginning must concentrate on the development of infrastructure in terms of hardware, software and manpower. Merely buying several lakhs of computers and distributing them among several thousand workstations located in colleges, schools, hospitals and clinics will not digitise Bangladesh. Locally produced qualified manpower must be available to keep the system running without depending on foreign experts. The project presupposes that Bangladesh will be able to build its technical and managerial capacity to design the necessary digital network system, procure and install all the equipment properly, and to educate, train and deploy necessary personnel to operate and maintain the nationwide ICT network. To produce such human resources, the government must assign highest priority to the promotion of science, technology and management education. We must prepare a separate plan to produce adequate num ber of scientists, computer and communication engineers, software engineers, technology management experts, etc. Distance education has tremendous potential to spread learning in any country. E-learning is a cost-effective way of providing education at a distance. This is especially important considering that around 80% of our illiterate population is from the rural areas. In this context, it is essential that the government, the industry, NGOs and academia forms partnership to accelerate the Digitalization process. Together, they need to create an enabling environment for the proliferation of ICT in Bangladesh. There are some basic steps that Bangladesh needs to foster online education to be offered by Open University and our National University.Private companies and NGOs can partner, in order to enhance awareness and utilization of ICT at the grass-roots level. For instance, NGOs can work to bring elementary computer literacy to the people of rural Bangladesh. They can make arrangements so that IT professionals and educators visit rural schools and help students get familiar with technology. Conclusion Digitization helps increase operational efficiency and productivity provided the supporting infrastructures work properly. This is a tool that will help accelerate economic development and increase competitive edges of Bangladesh in the world market. Wide-scale digitisation is likely to help Bangladesh become a mid-income country sooner than otherwise possible. However, for proper management the government needs to define its vision, mission and goals and formulate strategies and prepare action plans supported by necessary financial and human resources so that the plans can be implemented. The forces of globalization and technology are continuously reshaping our economy. The impact of information and communication technology (ICT) is giving rise to a new type of economy the knowledge based economy. It is necessary to mention that in the short run Digital Bangladesh aims at E-Governance and service delivery through utilizing ICT. But the vision Digital Bangladesh encompasses the whole arena of a knowledge based Digital Economy. Bangladesh cant afford to achieve that goal in the short and medium run. The thinkers, technocrats and IT experts have to focus on the short run issues and measures the present Government should undertake to digitalize Bangladesh. It is important to start digitalizing service delivery organs like Police, City corporation, Land Department, Tax Department, PDB, Water supply, Gas and other authorities also including sectors like Banking, Insurance, Customs, Tax Collection. Urgent steps should be taken to digitalize institutions like Bangladesh Bank, NBR, PSC, UGC, EC, ACC and other vital institution to go a step ahead towards Good Governance. Our government must take proactive steps to take technology to rural citizens. However our dream towards digital Bangladesh has a long way to go. Digitalization of Bangladesh will depend how best the Government can leverage the power of ICT to increase the access to information of its population.

The Destruction of our Environment :: essays research papers

One of the greatest arguments of philosophy and the scholastic disciplines of the sort has been the debate on the degree of influence that nature has on the growth and development of human beings and the civilizations that define them. By examining the interactions of the environment and the living creations that reside within, one is able to examine and define the type of relationship in place between nature and the creatures of the world. Upon first glance, one will notice that the fundamental roles of the environment and the creatures within respectively are that of a cyclical reciprocity wherein the environment serves as a primary provider in a great cycle of life and death, a cycle that all of the living creatures, especially humans, are a part of on a daily basis. The first premise is that the environment’s role in the cycle of life is that of a provider, wherein all possible forms of energy and sustenance derive. All of the environment’s facets, the air, the water, the verdancy, serve as the primary commodity with which the basic order of life on this planet employ for their means of sustenance. Most animals in nature directly receive their means of sustenance directly from consuming articles of the earth, namely plankton, field grass, and the lowest forms of animals and receive their obligatory elements from the water and the air. All animals are entangled in the reciprocation of water and air, for all animals consume water and then replete the water supply via digestive process wherein water is returned to the Earth, and all mammalian animals transfer air amongst their environment wherein the plants are able to internalize this discharge and return back into the environment viable source of breathable air. These basic roles help to foster the more complex roles that are found in the environment between the different forms of life, the different types of animals and plants. The more complex roles that one will see in play in nature include the hierarchy of the predacious wherein animals comport their existence to the animals and plants that they rely on for food, energy, and maintenance. It is by this process of comporting to the environment that becomes the predication on which a species’ evolutionary track progresses, towards prosperity and towards stagnancy. It has been refuted by many, but accepted by most that it is due to a harmonious and contemporaneous existence between the environment and those who depend on the environment that results in the prolonged existence and evolution of a species. The Destruction of our Environment :: essays research papers One of the greatest arguments of philosophy and the scholastic disciplines of the sort has been the debate on the degree of influence that nature has on the growth and development of human beings and the civilizations that define them. By examining the interactions of the environment and the living creations that reside within, one is able to examine and define the type of relationship in place between nature and the creatures of the world. Upon first glance, one will notice that the fundamental roles of the environment and the creatures within respectively are that of a cyclical reciprocity wherein the environment serves as a primary provider in a great cycle of life and death, a cycle that all of the living creatures, especially humans, are a part of on a daily basis. The first premise is that the environment’s role in the cycle of life is that of a provider, wherein all possible forms of energy and sustenance derive. All of the environment’s facets, the air, the water, the verdancy, serve as the primary commodity with which the basic order of life on this planet employ for their means of sustenance. Most animals in nature directly receive their means of sustenance directly from consuming articles of the earth, namely plankton, field grass, and the lowest forms of animals and receive their obligatory elements from the water and the air. All animals are entangled in the reciprocation of water and air, for all animals consume water and then replete the water supply via digestive process wherein water is returned to the Earth, and all mammalian animals transfer air amongst their environment wherein the plants are able to internalize this discharge and return back into the environment viable source of breathable air. These basic roles help to foster the more complex roles that are found in the environment between the different forms of life, the different types of animals and plants. The more complex roles that one will see in play in nature include the hierarchy of the predacious wherein animals comport their existence to the animals and plants that they rely on for food, energy, and maintenance. It is by this process of comporting to the environment that becomes the predication on which a species’ evolutionary track progresses, towards prosperity and towards stagnancy. It has been refuted by many, but accepted by most that it is due to a harmonious and contemporaneous existence between the environment and those who depend on the environment that results in the prolonged existence and evolution of a species.

Papa Johns Term Paper

Subject: Term Paper: Papa John’s Papa John’s International HISTORY OF COMPANY: Papa Johns was founded by John Schnatter. John worked at a local pizza pub in Jeffersonville, Indiana when he was in High School. While he was working there, he realized that there was something missing from the national pizza chains which was a superior-quality traditional pizza delivered right to the customer’s door. His dream was to one day open a pizza restaurant that would fill that void.In 1983, John Schnatter delivered his last campus pizza, picked up his business degree from Ball State University, and went back to Jeffersonville, Indiana. There, at age 22, he knocked down the broom closet in his father's tavern (Mick's Lounge); sold his prized 1971 Z28 Camaro, purchased $1,600 worth of used restaurant equipment, and began delivering pizzas out of the back of the bar. Papa John's opened its first pizza restaurant in 1984. (2) CORPORATE INFORMATION: Papa John’s Pizza Corpo rate Office is located at 2002 Papa John’s Boulevard, Louisville, KY 40299.Their phone number is (502)261-7272. The CEO is Nigel Travis, the COO is Jude Thompson, and the CFO is David Flanery. (1) STOCK MARKET INFORMATION: Papa John’s is under NASDAQ stock market and their symbol is PZZA. As of April 12, 2010, their Stock market price was $27. 88. Their stock prices are down -. 84. (6) COMPANY’S REPUTATION: Papa John's is the recognized quality leader of the pizza category and is the world's third largest pizza company. For nine of the last ten years, consumers have rated Papa John's No. in customer satisfaction among all national pizza chains in the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI). Papa John's also was honored by Restaurants ; Institutions Magazine (R;I) with the 2009 Gold Award for Consumers' Choice in Chains in the pizza segment. In 2006, for the third consecutive year consumers have honored Papa John's (NASDAQ: PZZA) with the top rating among nat ional pizza delivery and take-out chains in the prestigious Restaurants ; Institutions' Consumers' Choice in Chains Survey.Papa John's, which earned its best overall score ever, outdistanced the next closest national take-out and delivery chain by a record margin of almost six points. Restaurants and Institutions' 2006 Consumers' Choice in Chains Survey National Pizza Delivery and Take-Out Chains ———————————————————————- Overall Score Atmosphere Cleanliness Convenience ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Papa John's 52. 31% 44% 52% ——————— ————- ———- ———– à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Pizza Hut 46. 8 34 40 49 ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Little Caesars 44. 9 24 34 53 ——————— ————- ———- ———– ———– Domino's Pizza 43. 3 24 36 51 ———————————————————————-Food Quality Good Reputation Menu Variety Service Value ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Papa John's 66% 64% 48% 50% 49% ————– ——à ¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€ ————— ———— ——- —– Pizza Hut 58 58 46 43 40 ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Little Caesars 44 42 30 37 69 ————– ———— ————— ———— ——- —– Domino's Pizza 47 50 37 43 46 ———————————————————————- †¢For nine consecutive years (1999 – 2008), Papa John's has been rated number one n customer satisfaction among all national pizza chains in the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) released by the National Quality R esearch Center at the University of Michigan Business School. †¢Top rated national pizza delivery and take-out chain in Restaurants & Institutions' Consumers Choice in Chains Survey seven out of the last nine years (1998 – 2000, 2002 and 2004 – 2006). †¢Pizzamarketplace. com 2006 Pizza Chain of the Year †¢Voted ‘Best Pizza' in more than 50 U. S. markets over the last several years, including in Los Angeles, Washington D. C. , Atlanta, Dallas, Indianapolis, Orlando, Knoxville and Phoenix. †¢Highest rated national pizza delivery and take-out chain in RealPeopleRatings. com, an online quarterly rating site. Tied for first as the highest rated national pizza chain in the 2007 Zagat/Today Show Fast Food Survey. †¢Silver winner of the 2006 Brandweek Customer Loyalty Award in the pizza category. †¢Named Delivery Operator of the Year among pizza chains in the United Kingdom by the Pizza and Pasta Association (2005 – 2006). CHIEF COMPE TITORS: Papa John’s top chief competitors are Domino’s, Little Caesar’s, and Pizza Hut. FINANCIAL POSITION OF COMPANY (PAST AND PRESENT): †¢Fourth quarter earnings per diluted share of $0. 49 in 2009 vs. $0. 46 in 2008 and full-year earnings per diluted share of $2. 06 in 2009 vs. $1. 30 in 2008 †¢Fourth quarter earnings per diluted share, excluding noted items, were $0. 41 in 2009 vs. $0. 8 in 2008 and full-year earnings per diluted share, excluding noted items, were $1. 50 in 2009 vs. $1. 68 in 2008 †¢Domestic system-wide comparable sales decreased 0. 5% for the quarter and were even for the year †¢International franchise system sales increased 18% for the quarter (13% excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates) and 14% for the year (24% excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates) †¢11 net Papa John's worldwide unit openings during the quarter and 89 net openings during the year †¢Earnings guidance for 20 10 reaffirmed at a range of $1. 70 to $1. 90 per diluted share, excluding the impact of consolidating BIBPPapa John's International, Inc. (NASDAQ: PZZA) today announced revenues of $280. 5 million for the fourth quarter of 2009, compared to revenues of $279. 6 million in 2008. Net income for the fourth quarter of 2009 was $13. 7 million, or $0. 49 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $1. 3 million, or $0. 05 per diluted share, from the consolidation of the results of the franchisee-owned cheese purchasing company, BIBP Commodities, Inc. (â€Å"BIBP†), a variable interest entity, and a gain of $1. 0 million, or $0. 03 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain income tax issues), compared to 2008 fourth quarter net income of $12. 8 million, or $0. 6 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $600,000, or $0. 02 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP, a gain of $1. 2 million, or $0. 04 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain inc ome tax issues and an after-tax charge of $2. 2 million, or $0. 08 per diluted share, related to restaurant impairment and disposition losses). Consolidated revenues for 2009 were $1. 11 billion, representing a decrease of 2. 3% from revenues of $1. 13 billion for 2008. Net income for 2009 was $57. 5 million, or $2. 06 per diluted share (including after-tax income of $14. 6 million, or $0. 52 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP and a gain of $1. 0 million, or $0. 4 per diluted share, from the finalization of certain income tax issues), compared to net income of $36. 8 million, or $1. 30 per diluted share, for 2008 (including a net loss of $6. 9 million, or $0. 24 per diluted share, from the consolidation of BIBP, a gain of $1. 7 million or $0. 06 per diluted share from the finalization of certain income tax issues and an after-tax charge of $5. 5 million, or $0. 20 per diluted share, related to restaurant impairment and disposition losses). FRANCHISE OPPORTUNITIES: Cur rently Papa John’s has a 2010 U. S. Development Incentive Program for franchise opportunities. This program currently offers: †¢NO FRANCHISE FEE; A REDUCED ROYALTY RATE FOR THE FIRST 12 MONTHS FOR ON-TIME RESTAURANT OPENINGS, INCLUDING A 0% ROYALTY RATE FOR RESTAURANTS OPENED BY JUNE 2010; †¢A FREE â€Å"WOW OVEN† SET (UP TO $32,000 VALUE); AND †¢A CREDIT ON FOOD PURCHASES OF UP TO $3,000. If you do not qualify for the 2010 U. S. Development Incentive Program then these are the regular franchise requirements and fees: †¢Minimum of $50,000 in cash or liquid assets; †¢Minimum net worth of $150,000; and †¢Ability to obtain financing up to $200,000. Additional franchisee qualifications and requirements include: †¢The prospective franchisee should have at least one partner with a successful business management background and one partner who qualifies as the Principal Operator. For single-unit development, an individual can apply to be both owner and Principal Operator. The Principal Operator must have prior general management experience relative to the number of units to be developed and must own or have the right to acquire at least 5% equity in the business within 12 months of hire date. †¢A fully completed Request for Consideration Form and current resume must be submitted for each member of the proposed franchise group or the owner operator, including the proposed Principal Operator. Also, Papa John's will request supporting documentation from each proposed owner. Franchise Fees †¢The initial franchise fee is $25,000 per restaurant. ** Waived for 2010 †¢An ongoing royalty fee of 5% of net sales is due on a monthly basis. * Reduced for 2010 †¢Papa John's requires that a minimum of 7% of net monthly sales be spent by each franchisee for marketing purposes*, as follows: 2. 94% on national fund; and 4. 06% on co-op and/or local marketing initiatives. Also, $9,000 must be spent on grand opening adv ertising for each of the first two restaurants. Papa John's Franchise Offering Circular includes more detailed information regarding marketing and advertising fees. FUTURE PLANS: In an effort to further enhance its pan-India presence, the US-based delivery pizza restaurant chain, Papa John's is planning to open 10 more Papa John's outlets by the end of current quarter (April-June 2010). BIBLIOGRAPHY (1)Chris Sternberg: Papa John's International, Inc. (April 29, 2010).Papa John's Names Jude Thompson Co-CEO along with Founder and Chairman John Schnatter. http://ir. papajohns. com/releasedetail. cfm? ReleaseID=464972 (2)Papa John’s International. (2010). Retrieved April 18, 2010, from http://company. papajohns. com/about/pj_story. shtm (3)Franchise opportunities. (2010). Retrieved April 13, 2010, from, http://company. papajohns. com/franchise_opps/index. shtm (4)Financial overview. (2010). Retrieved on April 18, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/ (5)Financial information. (2 010). Retrieved on April 21, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/financials. cfm (6)Stock information. (2010). Retrieved on April 12, 2010, from, http://ir. papajohns. com/stockquote. cfm

Causes, Effects, Risks, and the Future of Global Warming

Scientists have determined that a number of human activities are contributing to global warming by adding excessive amounts of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide accumulate in the atmosphere and trap heat that normally would exit into outer space. Greenhouse Gases and Global Climate Change While many greenhouse gases occur naturally and are needed to create the greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth warm enough to support life, human use of fossil fuels is the main source of excess greenhouse gases. By driving cars, using electricity from coal-fired power plants, or heating our homes with oil or natural gas, we release carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere. Deforestation is another significant source of greenhouse gases, as exposed soils release carbon dioxide, and fewer trees mean  less carbon dioxide conversion to oxygen. The production of cement involves a chemical reaction responsible for a surprisingly large amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere every year. During the 150 years of the industrial age, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by 31 percent. Over the same period, the level of atmospheric methane, another important greenhouse gas, has risen by 151 percent, mostly from agricultural activities such as raising cattle and growing rice. Methane leaks at natural gas wells are another major contributor to climate change. There are steps we can take to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in our life, encourage carbon emission reduction programs, methane emission reduction laws, and we can support global climate change mitigation projects. Can Natural Sun Cycles Explain Global Climate Change? In short, no. There are variations in the amount of energy we receive from the sun due to factors like orbital patterns and sunspots, but none which can explain the current warming, according to the IPCC. Direct Effects of Global Climate Change Many of the effects of climate change can be tied directly to some very important changes in our atmosphereBecause of important gas and heat transfers between the atmosphere and sea water, a suite of: changes in the oceans ave been observedThe frozen parts of the Earth are especially vulnerable to climate change. The latest IPCC report explained the impacts on the worlds polar ice caps, glaciers, and permafrost The Consequences of Global Warming The increase in trapped heat changes the climate and alters weather patterns, which may change the timing of seasonal natural events, and the  frequency of extreme weather events. Polar ice is vanishing, and  sea levels are rising, causing coastal flooding. Climate change leads to  food security, and even national security, concerns. Agricultural practices have been affected, including the production of maple syrup. There are also health consequences to climate change. Warmer winters allow for range expansions of white-tailed deer and deer ticks, increasing the incidence of Lyme disease. Edited by Frederic Beaudry